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(No e1.) .J.VLONES, O.VEPJ WEBB 4 B. HOLDEN.

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Patented Feb. 27, 1894.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. LONES, 0.- VERNON a; E. HDLDBN.

WHEEL TIRE.

No. 515,596. Patented Pe-b. 27,1894.

(No Model.)

(N0 M06 ,-Sheet 3,

51.) 4 8 J. LONES, 0. VERNON 5; E. HOLDE WHEEL TIRE. No. 515,595. Patented P55. 27, 1594".

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4 Sheets-Sheet 4 HOLDEN nted Feb.- 27, 1894.

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UNIT D STATES PATENT FFIQE.

JABEZ LONES, CHARLES VERNON, AND EDWARD HOLDEN, OF SMETI-IWIOK,

ENGLAND.

WHEEL-TIRE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,596, dated February 27,1894.

Application filed May 11. 1893. Serial No. 473,757. (No model.)

To OLZZ whom zit may concern.-

Beit known that we, J ABEZ LONES, CHARLES VERNON, and EDWARD HOLDEN, all of Smothwick, England, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Tires of the Wheels of Wagons and Carriages and other Road-Vehicles; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the 13 invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Our invention has reference to the iron or steel tires of wheels having wooden fellies :5 the said tires being shrunk upon the follies and our said invention consists of the several improvements hereinafter described for fixing the tires to the follies without nails, bolts or other like fastenings.

In making a tire according to our invention we roll the iron or steel bar from which it is to be made, flat on its outer face and concave on its inner face, the outer edge being rounded and the inner edge being flat or square; or we roll the outer face convex and the inner face concave and we also'roll on the inner face of either of the bars described a series of conical, hemispherical or other shaped projections, or a series of knife edged ribs for fixing the tire to the folly without nails, bolts or other like fastenings; that is to say, the said projections or knife edgedribs on the shrinking of the tire on the follies penetrate the wood of the fellies and thereby fix the tire securely in its place. The projections may be grouped or variously arranged on the inner face of the tire and various kinds of knife edged ribs may be used; for example, a series of inclined and equi-distant ribs may be used, or a series of ribs may be made to cross one another so as to form a lozenge shaped pattern on the inner face of the tire;

or ribs arranged in the directions of dia onals to the sides of the tire, or a rib having an undulating or wave like form may be used. The projections or ribs for securing the tires to the fellies maybe used with tires having the sectional figures d escribed or with tires having the following sectional figure. We make both the faces of the tire flat and give it a slightly taper figure in cross section, that is, the tire at its inner edge is slightly thicker than at its outer edge and we make along each of the edges of the tire an inwardly projecting lip or flange which lips or flanges on the shrinking of the tire close or contract upon the edges of the follies and thereby assist in fixing the tire to the fellies. We make the lip at the outer edge of the tire much stronger than that at the inner edge, the said strong lip serving to protect the outer edges of the follies. The edge of the outer lip or flange may be straight or slightly undercut.

Figures 1 to 16 of the accompanying drawings represent portions of wheel tires made according to our invention having different sectional figures and provided with difierent kinds of projections or ribs on their inner faces for fixing the tires to the wooden fellies without nails, bolts or other fastenings.

Fig. 1 represents in cross section and Fig. 2 in inner elevation a portion of a tire made of a rolled iron or steel bar fiat on its outer face and concave on its inner face, the outer edge being rounded and the inner edge being fiat or square. On the inner face of the bar a series of separated knife edged or nearly knife edged ribs a, a, a is rolled. We prefer to arrange the knife edged ribs 0;, a, a on the inner concave face of the bar in the manner represented but they may be variously arranged. We prefer to roll the separated ribs a, a, o. onthe bar in the following manner. By the rolling operation by which the figure of the bar is perfected, we roll upon its inner face continuous ribs of the sectional figure represented and by a subsequent rolling operation we roll out into the substance of the bar portions of the ribs so as to leave the separated or detached ribs a, a, a represented 9 in the drawings. Fig. 3 represents in side elevation and Fig. 4 in cross section a. portion of a tire of the kind represented in Figs. 1 and 2 attached to the wooden felly b of the wheel by the knife 5 edged ribs a, a on the inner face of the tire penetrating on the shrinking of the tire into the wood of the fellies and thereby preventing any lateral motion of the tire upon the follies. The tire is thereby fixed to the fel- 10o lies without nails, bolts or other like fastenings, the concave face of the tire assisting in securing itin its place.

It will be seen by an examination of Fig. 4 that when the tire is fixed to the fellies the rounded edge 0 projects beyond the fellies and prevents the fellies being injured by coming into contact with the curb-stones or other objects.

Fig. 5 represents in cross section and Fig. 6 in inner elevation, a portion of atire provided on its inner face with a series of inclined and equi-distant knife-edged ribs marked d, d, d for the same purpose as the ribs a, a, a the projecting curved edge, e of the tire having a somewhat different shape from that represented in Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 represents in cross section and Fig. 8 in inner elevation a portion of another tire made according to our invention. The bar from which this tire is made is concave on its inner face and convex on its outer face, and has a curved projecting edge. The inner face of the bar has made on it by the rolling operation a series of crossing knife edged ribs marked f,f, f so as to form a lozenge shaped pattern on the inner face of the tire for looking it to the wooden fellies. ()r knife edged ribs arranged in the directions of diagonals to the sides of the tire may be employed as represented in cross section in Fig. 9 and inner elevation in Fig. 10, the diagonal rib being marked g. Or a knife edged rib having an undulating or wave like figure marked it represented in cross section in Fig. 11 and inner elevation in Fig. 12 may be used for the same purpose.

Although we prefer when using projections or ribs to give them the form in cross section of knife edges, as described and represented yet the projections or ribs may have other figures given to them which on the shrinking of the tire will grip or bind the tire to the fellies. For example, a series of conical projections may be rolled on the inner face of the bar as represented in cross section in Fig. 13 and inner elevation in Fig. 14 and marked it; or a series of hemispherical projections marked Z, Z as represented in Figs. 15 and 16 may be employed. The tire bar Figs. 13 and 14 is flat on its inner face and convex on its outer face, and the tire bat-Figs. 15 and 16 is is fiat on both faces.

In Figs. 11 and 12 we have represented a tire having an inwardly projecting rib or flange rolled along each edge. These lips or The lip 11. at the outer edge of the tire is made much stronger than the lip m at the inner edge of the tire, the strong lip n serving to protect the outer edge of the fellies. The other lip m may either be straight as represented or slightly undercut. Both faces of this tire bar are flat, the bar being slightly taper in cross section, that is to say, the edge near the lip or flange m is slightly thicker than the edge near the strong flange or lip 02.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention and in What manner the same is to be performed, we claim as our invention- 1. In tires for the wheels of wagons and carriages and other road vehicles, the combination with projections or ribs on the inner faces of the said tires for locking the tires to the wooden fellies of the wheels, of a rounded edge on the outer sides of the tires projecting beyond the fellies of the wheels for protecting the said fellies from injury by coming into contact with curb stones or other obstacles, substantially as herein set-forth and shown.

2. A wheel tire provided on its inner face with one or more ribs extended diagonally to the sides of the tire for locking the said tire to the folly of a wheel, substantially as herein set forth and shown.

3. A wheel tire provided on its inner face with a series of crossing knife edge ribs for locking the said tire to the wooden fellies of wheels, substantially as herein set-forth and shown.

at. A wheel tire provided on its inner face with a knife edge rib in the form of a diagonal to the sides of the tire for locking the said tire to the fellies of wheels, substantially as herein set-forth and shown.

5. The method of forming a metal wheel tire having its inner face provided with a series of short separated ribs or looking projections, which consists in rolling a continuous rib upon the innerface of a metal bar during the rolling operation in which the figure of said bar is perfected, subsequently rolling out portions of said continuous rib into the substance of the tire-bar so as to leave thereon a series of separated or detached ribs, and finally bending the said bar into the form of a wheel tire, substantially as described.

JABEZ LoNEs. [L.S.] CHARLES VERNON. [L. s. EDWARD HOLDEN. [n s.

Witnesses:

RICHARD SKERRETT, ARTHUR JOHN POWELL. 

